What Do We Mean When We Say Carbon Capture and Storage? STS and the Open Questions of a Technology in Emergence
Abstract
Carbon sequestration is a relatively recent phrase that refers to a broad suite of technologies meant to minimize the amount of carbon emitted to the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and many scientific organizations have recently emphasized that carbon capture is a necessary part of attaining net-zero or negative carbon budgets. It has also become a particularly controversial set of technologies, funding streams, economic proposals, and imaginations of energy justice in place. However, we—during our joint work as social scientists on the justice dimensions of one specific carbon sequestration feasibility study—have found that the dominating arguments for and against carbon capture erase the fact of its multiplicity. From our situated location, it seems an urgent time to ask, within a larger industrial decarbonization agenda, what are the specificities of carbon capture and storage and how might we (the collective ‘we’ of engaged researchers and thinkers with interests in science & technology or environmental and climate engineering) address them? In this Engagement, we sketch some of the ways in which STS brings important insights to the growing literature on carbon capture and storage (CCS) and, at the same time, what new directions carbon sequestration agendas might require of STS scholarship.
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